EFECTOS DEL MERCURIO SOBRE ALGUNAS PLANTAS ACUÁTICAS TROPICALES
EFECTOS DEL MERCURIO SOBRE ALGUNAS PLANTAS ACUÁTICAS TROPICALES
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El presente artículo es una descripción de los efectos del mercurio sobre algunas plantas acuáticas tropicales y sobre los ecosistemas donde habitan. Adicionalmente, se recomienda un protocolo para realizar pruebas de toxicidad con la lenteja de agua (Lemna minor) y se presentan los resultados de los preensayos con diferentes concentraciones de sales de mercurio en condiciones de laboratorio. Se encontró que la biodisponibilidad del mercurio depende de factores que facilitan la disolución del elemento en el agua. Algunas plantas actúan como bioindicadores de la presencia de este metal en el medio al retenerlo selectvamente; mientras que otras se comportan como bioacumuladoras al tolerar su presencia y acumularlo en su estructura, y pueden dar paso a la bioconcentración a través de la cadena trófica. De acuerdo con los preensayos de toxicidad realizados con Lemna minor se sugiere que las concentraciones de sal de mercurio adecuadas para la realización de pruebas de toxicidad deben estar entre 0,01 mg/L y 10,0 mg/L.
Abstract: This paper describes the effects of mercury on some aquatic plants of the tropics and their habitats. Additionally, a protocol for toxicity tests in duckweed (Lemna minor) is recommended, and the results of preliminary tests with salts of mercury under laboratory conditions are given. It was found that mercury is in different toxicity and bioavailability forms depending on the factors that facilitate the solubilization of this element in the water. Many plants act as bioindicators because they withhold the metal selectively, while others are bioaccumulators since they tolerate and accumulate them in their structures producing biomagnification through the food web. The preliminary tests carried out in Lemna minor suggest that the appropriate concentrations for the toxicity tests are between 0,01 mg/L and 10,0 mg/L for Hg.
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