Gold recovery in aqueous medium by cassava peels (Manihot esculenta) modified with citric acid

Recuperación de oro de soluciones acuosas por medio de cáscara de yuca (Manihot esculenta) modificada con ácido cítrico

Published 2022-12-20

FTIR spectra of modified and unmodified cassava peels
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Vol. 20 No. 39 (2023): Table of contents Revista EIA No. 39
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Gold recovery in aqueous medium by cassava peels (Manihot esculenta) modified with citric acid. (2022). Revista EIA, 20(39), 3907 pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.24050/reia.v20i39.1612
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Alberto Ricardo Albis Arrieta
Universidad del Atlántico, Colombia.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1758-1385
Rosa Alejandra De la pava Salcedo
Universidad del Atlántico, Colombia.
María Carolina Gómez García
Universidad del Atlántico, Colombia.
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Objective: to evaluate the performance of cassava peels modified with citric acid to recover the gold dissolved in synthetic solutions with concentrations similar to those found in the final processes of the gold production plants.

Methodology: Cassava peels were modified with citric acid by reacting the dried and milled peels with an aqueous solution of citric acid at 60 °C and sulfuric acid as catalysts, and subsequent heating at 150 °C for completion of the reaction.  The synthetic solutions were preparing taking 0.5 g of metallic gold and dissolving it in a solution of 8 ml of HNO3 0.1 M; volume was completed until a solution of concentration in gold of 500 mg/L was reached. The influence of variables such as the initial gold concentration, temperature, and pH of the samples were analyzed in order to determine the optimum conditions in the recovery process. Experiments were carried out in Erlenmeyers in batch mode using an orbital shaker. The activation energy of the adsorption process was calculated as 157 + 14 kJ/mol. Gold removal values were found up to 99.58%, at a temperature of 45 ° C and pH of 10, these being optimal conditions.

Results: FTIR and removal results revealed a successful modification of cassava peels. Kinetic and equilibrium data showed a good fitting to pseudo-second and Langmuir model, respectively. In general, adsorption capacity exhibited little dependency with temperature, but significant changes with pH. Gold removal values were found up to 99.58%, at a temperature of 45 ° C and pH of 10, these being optimal conditions.

Conclusions: Cassava peel modified with citric acid showed and excellent performance as adsorbent of gold from aqueous acid and basic solutions with removal percentages higher than other biomasses and the unmodified cassava peels.

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