Impacto de minerales arcillosos en propiedades petrofísicas de los reservorios de areniscas: estudio comparativo en las cuencas de la cordillera oriental y el valle medio del Magdalena (Colombia)
Impact of clay minerals on reservoir sandstone properties: comparative study in Colombian eastern cordillera and middle Magdalena valley basins


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El objetivo de este estudio es examinar cómo la mineralogía influye en las propiedades petrofísicas, especialmente la porosidad y permeabilidad, de posibles reservorios de arenisca en Colombia. Busca comprender de manera integral cómo la presencia de minerales arcillosos afecta la calidad general de los reservorios de hidrocarburos en el país. Se recolectaron muestras de areniscas de reservorios en varios afloramientos en las cuencas de la Cordillera Oriental y el Valle del Magdalena Medio. Se realizó un análisis detallado de la mineralogía y características petrográficas de las muestras mediante diversas técnicas analíticas como microscopía de luz transmitida, difracción de rayos X y microscopía electrónica de barrido. La porosidad y permeabilidad se midieron utilizando equipos automatizados de permeametría y porosimetría. La composición predominante de las rocas de los reservorios analizados comprende cuarzo (45-50%), feldespato (35-40%) y arcillas (10-20%). Estas rocas se clasificaron en dos grupos distintos según su permeabilidad (K) y porosidad (Φ), que van desde 0.009 hasta 29.220 mD y del 1,88 al 20,75%, respectivamente. La presencia de ilita se correlacionó con una reducción tanto en la porosidad como en la permeabilidad, destacando su impacto negativo en la calidad del reservorio. Por el contrario, una concentración elevada de caolinita se asoció con una porosidad y permeabilidad favorables. Las muestras con sericitización de feldespato demostraron una calidad de almacenamiento de hidrocarburos inferior. Este estudio proporciona una comprensión más profunda de cómo la mineralogía afecta las propiedades petrofísicas de los reservorios de arenisca en Colombia. Estos hallazgos son cruciales para guiar las estrategias de exploración y producción en la industria petrolera colombiana, especialmente en entornos geológicos desafiantes como los estudiados.
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