MEDICIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD DE LA EMPRESA MANUFACTURERA PARA ANALIZAR SUS PROCESOS DESDE LA FALLA (MEASURE OF ThE CAPACITy OF ThE MANUFACTURING COMPANY TO ANALYZE ITS PROCESS FROM ThE FAILURE)
MEDICIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD DE LA EMPRESA MANUFACTURERA PARA ANALIZAR SUS PROCESOS DESDE LA FALLA (MEASURE OF ThE CAPACITy OF ThE MANUFACTURING COMPANY TO ANALYZE ITS PROCESS FROM ThE FAILURE)
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Se propone un modelo de base heurística para determinar la capacidad de las empresas manufactureras para analizar sus procesos a partir de la falla. Su elaboración se basa, entre otros, en un estudio transversal descriptivo en 30 firmas manufactureras del valle de Aburrá (Antioquia, Colombia). El modelo es una función de 16 ítems alusivos a recolección, documentación y actualización de información relacionada con posibles eventos de falla. Para la validación, se recurre al coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (0,85) y a la comparación entre la clasificación arrojada por el modelo (alto, relativo y bajo nivel de capacidad) y la descripción de cinco características en las empresas estudiadas: antigüedad, uso de SGC ISO 9000, rotación de empleados, herramientas de documentación de fallas e intereses competitivos. Al abordar las empresas, en 57 % de ellas se infiere alta capacidad, en 26 % relativa y en 17 % baja; las pymes evidencian desventajas. Con dicho modelo pueden identificarse empresas con madurez en el tema, y otras que ameritan apoyo para analizar y responder con datos y hechos a la eliminación de las causas raíz de sus problemas.
Abstract: A heuristic model is proposed to determine the capacity of the manufacturing companies to analyze their processes from the failure. For its development, thirty companies, located in the Aburrá Valley (Antioquia, Colombia), were analyzed through descriptive transverse study. The model is a function of 16 items about collecting, documenting, and updating of information relating to possible failure events. For validation are selected two methods: first, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.85) approach; second, the comparison between answer categories (low, medium, and high) and description of five industrial features: age, utilization of SGC ISO 9000, employee turnover, failure records, and competitive interests. This study shows that 57 % of enterprises studied were classified as high capacity, 26 % as medium capacity and 17 % as low capacity. SMEs show disadvantages. With this model can be identified mature companies in the field and others that deserve support to analyze and respond with data and facts to the elimination of the root causes of their problems.
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