INFLUENCIA DE LOS RECUBRIMIENTOS DÚPLEX SOBRE LAS PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS Y RESISTENCIA AL DESGASTE DEL ACERO AISI 4140 BONIFICADO (INFLUENCE OF THE DUPLEX COATINGS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF THE TEMPERED AISI 4140 STEEL)
INFLUENCIA DE LOS RECUBRIMIENTOS DÚPLEX SOBRE LAS PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS Y RESISTENCIA AL DESGASTE DEL ACERO AISI 4140 BONIFICADO (INFLUENCE OF THE DUPLEX COATINGS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF THE TEMPERED AISI 4140 STEEL)
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El acero AISI 4140 es un acero de baja aleación al cromo/molibdeno de elevada resistencia mecánica y buena tenacidad, el cual se utiliza para la fabricación de piezas de maquinaria como piñones, cigüeñales, ejes de levas, etc. Sin embargo, su resistencia al desgaste es bastante limitada y suele ser mejorada mediante el tratamiento superficial de la nitruración. El propósito de este trabajo consistió en mejorar las propiedades mecánicas e incrementar la resistencia al desgaste del acero 4140 mediante la aplicación de un tratamiento superficial DUPLEX consistente en la nitruración líquida (conocida como Teniffer) seguido del depósito de un recubrimiento duro de nitruro de titanio (TiN). La microestructura cristalina fue evaluada mediante difracción de rayos X, la morfología y la composición química fue determinada por microscopía SEM y espectroscopía de energía dispersiva de rayos X (EDS), las propiedades tribológicas fueron analizadas mediante mediciones en un tribómetro de tipo esfera sobre disco y la microdureza se determinó por el método Vickers. Las muestras tratadas con el recubrimiento dúplex mostraron una resistencia al desgaste 4 veces mayor que la muestra en estado bonificado, lo cual demuestra la aplicación potencial que tiene el acero 4140 sometido a este tratamiento dúplex.
Abstract: The AISI 4140 steel is a low chrome/molybdenum alloyed steel with high tensile strength and good toughness, which is normally used for the manufacture of machine parts such as gears, crank shafts, camshafts, etc. However, its wear resistance is quite limited and this is usually improved by nitriding surface treatment. The purpose of this study was to increase the mechanical properties and wear resistance of 4140 steel by applying a DUPLEX surface treatment consisting of a liquid nitriding (known as Teniffer) followed by the deposition of a titanium nitride (TiN) hard coating. The crystalline microstructure was evaluated by Xray diffraction (XRD), morphology and elemental chemical composition was determined by microscopy SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), tribological properties were tested using a tribometer type ballondisc and micro hardness was determined by the Vickers method. The duplex treated samples showed a wear resistance 4 times greater than the tempered sample, demonstrating the potential application of 4140 steel that has undergone this duplex treatment.
Sumário: O aço AISI 4140 é um aço de baixa liga ao cromo/molibdeno de elevada resistência mecânica e boa tenacidad, o qual se utiliza para a fabricação de peças de maquinaria como pinhões, cigüeñales, eixos de cames, etc. No entanto, sua resistência ao desgaste é bastante limitada e costuma ser melhorada mediante o tratamento superficial da nitração. O propósito deste trabalho consistiu em melhorar as propriedades mecânicas e incrementar a resistência ao desgaste do aço 4140 mediante a aplicação de um tratamento superficial DUPLEX consistente na nitração líquida (conhecida como Teniffer) seguido do depósito de um recubrimiento duro de nitruro de titanio (TiN). A microestructura cristalina foi avaliada mediante difracción de raios X, a morfología e a composição química foi determinada por microscopía SEM e espectroscopía de energia dispersiva de raios X (EDS), as propriedades tribológicas foram analisadas mediante medidas num tribómetro de tipo esfera sobre disco e a microdureza determinou-se pelo método Vickers. As mostras tratadas com o recubrimiento dúplex mostraram uma resistência ao desgaste 4 vezes maior que a mostra em estado bonificado, o qual demonstra a aplicação potencial que tem o aço 4140 submetido a este tratamento dúplex.
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