ALGORITMO DE BÚSQUEDA TABÚ ESPECIALIZADO APLICADO AL DISEÑO DE REDES SECUNDARIAS DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA
ALGORITMO DE BÚSQUEDA TABÚ ESPECIALIZADO APLICADO AL DISEÑO DE REDES SECUNDARIAS DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA
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En este artículo se presenta una metodología para solucionar el problema del planeamiento de sistemas de distribución secundarios empleando como técnica de solución el algoritmo de Búsqueda Tabú. El problema se formula como un modelo no lineal entero-mixto, en el cual se tienen en cuenta la ubicación y capacidad de nuevos elementos (transformadores de distribución y tramos de red primaria y secundaria), reubicación de transformadores de distribución existentes, aumento de capacidades de elementos existentes, reconfiguración de red secundaria y balance de fases. Adicionalmente, se consideran los costos asociados a la conexión entre red primaria y secundaria y las pérdidas de energía en transformadores. Se emplean dos casos de prueba; en el primero se realizan ensayos comparativos con el algoritmo genético de Chu-Beasley para verificar la eficiencia del método propuesto y, en el segundo, se analizan los resultados obtenidos en un sistema de distribución colombiano. En ambos casos los resultados obtenidos son de gran calidad, lo que respalda lo propuesto en este trabajo.
To solve the problem of secondary distribution systems planning, this paper proposes a methodology using a tabu search algorithm as a solution technique. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear mixed-integer model, which takes into account the location and capacity of new elements (distribution transformers and primary-secondary distribution networks), relocation of existing distribution transformers, increasing the capacity of existing elements, secondary network reconfiguration, and phase balance. It also considers the costs associated with connections between primary and secondary networks and energy losses in distribution transformers. The methodology is applied to two test cases: in the first, a comparative analysis with the Chu-Beasley genetic algorithm is made to verify the efficiency of the proposed methodology; and in the second, the results are analyzed in a Colombian distribution system. In both cases, the results are of high quality, supporting the proposed methodology.
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