EVALUACIÓN DE LA SENSIBILIDAD PARAMÉTRICA DEL PROCESO DE SÍNTESIS DE LA CICLONITA EN UN REACTOR POR LOTES
EVALUACIÓN DE LA SENSIBILIDAD PARAMÉTRICA DEL PROCESO DE SÍNTESIS DE LA CICLONITA EN UN REACTOR POR LOTES
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RESUMEN
En este trabajo se evaluó la sensibilidad paramétrica del proceso de síntesis de la ciclonita en un reactor por lotes. Esto con el fin de definir condiciones seguras de operación para esta reacción altamente exotérmica. La ley de velocidad de la reacción se ajustó a partir de datos experimentales disponibles en la literatura. Reparametrizando los balances de materia y energía del reactor, se estableció la sensibilidad de la temperatura de reacción con respecto a la variación de la temperatura inicial del sistema reactivo y la temperatura del medio refrigerante. Para determinar las condiciones críticas de operación del reactor, se usó como criterio el cálculo de los coeficientes de sensibilidad y los perfiles de temperatura-conversión así como el lugar geométrico de los máximos de estas curvas. Se definió para el sistema reactivo un potencial crítico de generación de calor (M) igual a 34 y que las condiciones críticas de Runaway corresponden a un número de Semenov (ψ) igual a 0,684, un parámetro de calor de reacción (B) igual a 15 y un número del tipo Arrhenius (γ) con un valor de 20. Así mismo, los perfiles de temperatura-conversión precisan una relación crítica entre el potencial de enfriamiento y generación de calor de 2,5786 (N/M).
ABSTRACT
In the present work, the parametric sensitivity of the cyclonite production in a batch reactor was assessed. The objective was to establish safe operation conditions for this highly exothermic reaction. The reaction rate law was fitted using experimental data published in the literature. Mass and energy balances were reparametrized. Thus, reaction temperature sensitivity criteria were established as a function of initial reaction and cooling temperatures. Critical reaction conditions were defined using the temperature-sensitivity, temperature-conversion, and the locus of the temperature maxima. A critical heat generation potential (M) equal to 34 was defined together with the following runaway critical conditions: a Semenov number (ψ) equal to 0.684, a heat of reaction parameter (B) equal to 15 and an Arrhenius-type number (γ) of 20. Therefore, temperature-conversion profiles precise a critical relation between the cooling and heat potential (N/M) of 2.5786.
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