ANÁLISIS DE FLUJO DE MATERIALES EN SISTEMAS HUMANOS- UNA REVISIÓN
ANÁLISIS DE FLUJO DE MATERIALES EN SISTEMAS HUMANOS- UNA REVISIÓN
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Resumen
Este artículo es una revisión de los antecedentes históricos y la evolución del concepto de metabolismo de los sistemas humanos, hasta el metabolismo de la antropósfera y su descripción en términos del Análisis de Flujo de Materiales (AFM). Se presentan diferentes experiencias a nivel internacional y nacional que evidencian la aplicabilidad del método. Se muestra cómo el AFM es un método flexible adecuado para la gestión ambiental en diferentes sectores, el cual puede ser empleado para el análisis integral de los problemas ambientales generados por la actividad del hombre y para detectar o estimar los flujos y los stocks de materiales que pueden ser indeseables o potencialmente peligrosos. Esto permite el establecimiento de estrategias eficientes de gestión de flujos de materiales desde el punto de vista de la sostenibilidad, realizando una estimación de los flujos actuales de materiales para anticipar problemas ambientales y emprender acciones tempranas.
Abstract
This paper is a review of the historical background and the evolution of the concept of metabolism applied to human systems, till the evaluation of the metabolism of the antrophosphere using the methodology of Material Flow Analysis (MFA). Different international and national experiences that are evidence of the applicability of the method are presented. We show that the MFA is a flexible and suitable tool for environmental management that can be applied as a tool for the comprehensive analysis of the environmental problems generated by human activity. Additionally, the MFA can be used to detect and estimate material flows and stock of material that could be undesirable or potentially dangerous, allowing the establishment of efficient management strategies material flows from the point of view of sustainability and making an estimate of future emissions to anticipate problems and take early action.
Resumo
Este artigo é uma revisão do contexto histórico da evolução do conceito de metabolismo dos sistemas humanos, até o metabolismo da antroposfera e sua descrição em termos do Análise de Fluxo de Materiais (MFA). São apresentados diferentes experiências a nível internacional e nacional que demostram a aplicabilidade do método. Mostra-se como o AFM é uma abordagem flexível adequado à gestão ambiental em diferentes setores, que pode ser usado para a análise integral dos problemas ambientais gerados pela atividade do homem para detectar ou estimar os fluxos e estoques de materiais eles podem ser indesejáveis ou potencialmente perigosos. Isso permite o estabelecimento de estratégias eficientes de gestão de fluxo de materiais do ponto de vista da sustentabilidade, fazendo uma estimativa dos fluxos atuais de matérias para antecipar problemas ambientais e tomar medidas mais cedo.
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