ASIGNACIÓN DE FRECUENCIAS ÓPTIMAS, A TRAVÉS DE UN MODELO MULTIOBJETIVO, PARA UN SISTEMA BRT
ASIGNACIÓN DE FRECUENCIAS ÓPTIMAS, A TRAVÉS DE UN MODELO MULTIOBJETIVO, PARA UN SISTEMA BRT

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En este artículo se aborda el problema de optimización de frecuencias en un Sistema Integrado de Transporte Público (SITP). La metodología aplicada se centró en encontrar la frecuencia óptima de despacho de buses en diferentes rutas. El modelo planteado se aplicó a una reducción del SITP en la ciudad de Pereira (Risaralda, Colombia), el cual es del tipo Bus Rapid Transit (BRT).
La frecuencia óptima se determina de acuerdo a la demanda de viajes estimada, la capacidad de los buses, y el tamaño de la flota disponible. Se propone una función multiobjetivo que minimiza el tiempo de parada en las estaciones, los costos económicos de las empresas operadoras y una penalización adicional que se da cuando un usuario debe esperar por un segundo bus. Finalmente se propone una metodología para escoger los ponderadores de la función objetivo
El modelo fue resuelto mediante un Algoritmo Genético (AG). Las frecuencias de despacho fueron acotadas, logrando una disminución del espacio de soluciones, obteniéndose como respuesta intervalos de despacho operables. El modelo fue probado en diferentes escenarios con una demanda baja, media y alta, con el fin de evidenciar los cambios en la calidad del servicio, y establecer una política de despacho adecuada.Article visits 874 | PDF visits 476
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